Whats an alias
aliases make life easier by writing long commands for you, if you always write “ls -lisah” you can make the letters lisa do that for you, so instead you just write “lisa” and the system thinks you wrote “ls -lisah”
alias lisa=”ls -lisah”
To get a colored prompt
Look at my link on the left: LINUX – Cool PS1 – Cool BASH Prompt
Add the following line to:
/etc/bash.bashrc
or
~/.bashrc
source /etc/alias-by-koss
Using this command
# echo “source /etc/alias-by-koss” >> /etc/bash.bashrc
dont forget the double > or you will delete the previous entries
# touch /etc/alias-by-koss
# chmod +x /etc/alias-by-koss
# vim /etc/alias-by-koss
add the following lines (to insert text hit “i”, to save and exit hit ESC then type “:wq!” and hit ENTER)
#!/bin/bash
alias c=’clear’
## Colorize the ls output ##
alias ls=’ls –color=auto’
## Use a long listing format ##
alias ll=’ls -la’
## Show hidden files ##
alias l.=’ls -d .* –color=auto’
## get rid of command not found ##
alias cd..=’cd ..’
## Colorize the grep command output for ease of use (good for log files)##
alias grep=’grep –color=auto’
alias egrep=’egrep –color=auto’
alias fgrep=’fgrep –color=auto’
# install colordiff package 🙂
alias diff=’colordiff’
# Create a new set of commands
alias path=’echo -e ${PATH//:/\\n}’
alias now=’date +%T’
alias nowtime=now
alias nowdate=’date +”%d-%m-%Y”‘
#11: Control output of networking tool called ping
# Stop after sending count ECHO_REQUEST packets #
alias ping=’ping -c 5′
# Do not wait interval 1 second, go fast #
alias fastping=’ping -c 100 -s.2′
#12: Show open ports
alias ports=’netstat -tulanp’
#13: Wakeup sleeping servers
# Wake-on-LAN (WOL) is an Ethernet networking standard that allows a server to be turned on by a network message. You can quickly wakeup nas devices and server using the following aliases:
## replace mac with your actual server mac address #
# alias wakeupnas01=’/usr/bin/wakeonlan 00:11:32:11:15:FC’
# alias wakeupnas02=’/usr/bin/wakeonlan 00:11:32:11:15:FD’
# alias wakeupnas03=’/usr/bin/wakeonlan 00:11:32:11:15:FE’
## All of our servers eth1 is connected to the Internets via vlan / router etc ##
alias dnstop=’dnstop -l 5 eth0′
# alias vnstat=’vnstat -i eth0′
alias iftop=’iftop -i eth0′
# alias tcpdump=’tcpdump -i eth0′
alias ethtool=’ethtool eth0′
alias ddu=’du –max-depth 1′
Save and exit and now you should get a colored environment. Also remember to check out the PS1 link to get a colored prompt.
Some of those aliases are HASHed out and you can unhash them as needed. Also you can HASH out ones you dont like. HASH meaning it will comment the line out using the # at the front of the line. The line that is HASHed out will be ignored.
Install the below programs and get good at them (read their man pages online and check out examples, some of them I have articles for myself like iftop – so search infotinks for iftop to see my articles on it)
# apt-get install vim
# apt-get install ethtool
# apt-get install atop
# apt-get install iftop
# apt-get install dnstop
# apt-get install colordiff
To unalias
Imagine an alias setup to easily shutdown a system right now (shutdown halt now)
# alias shutdown='shutdown -h now'
To unalias use the syntax: unalias <alias word>
# unalias shutdown
COLORS FOR GREP AND LS
######################
Whats this?
These are some sample settings of .bashrc and .vimrc files that provide good legible colors through out your bash and vim experience. They provide colors for when you do greps, egrep and fgreps(they color what it finds) and also vim (Which has excellent syntax highlighting)
About the highlights: Blue is the file name that is in ~, your home directory, the files that initialize the colors for bash(egrep,grep,fgrep,ls) and vim. Yellow is what is inside the initialization scripts for vim and bashrc.
TO GET GOOD COLOR FOR VIM ALWAYS:
#################################
cd ~
vim .vimrc
# Put this in:
syntax on
colorscheme murphy
set nu
FOR EGREP AND LS
#################
Set these aliases on boot:
alias egrep=’egrep –color=auto’
alias fgrep=’fgrep –color=auto’
alias grep=’grep –color=auto’
alias l=’ls -CF’
alias la=’ls -A’
alias ll=’ls -alF’
alias ls=’ls –color=auto’
LS COLORS set to this:
LS_COLORS is very long and is all on one line, so I apologize if it doesnt wrap to new lines.
LS_COLORS=’rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:hl=44;37:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.axa=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:’
ABOUT GETTING THEM TO START WITH BOOT OR LOGIN
==============================================
Set them both in the same script – like the .bashrc script for every user – you can insure that every user gets this by editing the /etc/skel/.bashrc file (which is the skeleton directory of every new user):
The color setting part in the script:
=====================================
# these are from .bashrc script below
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
test -r ~/.dircolors && eval “$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)” || eval “$(dircolors -b)”
alias ls=’ls –color=auto’
#alias dir=’dir –color=auto’
#alias vdir=’vdir –color=auto’
alias grep=’grep –color=auto’
alias fgrep=’fgrep –color=auto’
alias egrep=’egrep –color=auto’
fi
# some more ls aliases
alias ll=’ls -alF’
alias la=’ls -A’
alias l=’ls -CF’
My .bashrc script
=================
Notice that lots of it is just unrelated to colors this is just a generally good .bashrc file
cd ~
vim .bashrc
#############################################################
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
# for examples
# If not running interactively, don’t do anything
[ -z “$PS1” ] && return
# don’t put duplicate lines in the history. See bash(1) for more options
# … or force ignoredups and ignorespace
HISTCONTROL=ignoredups:ignorespace
# append to the history file, don’t overwrite it
shopt -s histappend
# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000
# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,
# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.
shopt -s checkwinsize
# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)
[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval “$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)”
# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)
if [ -z “$debian_chroot” ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then
debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)
fi
# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we “want” color)
case “$TERM” in
xterm-color) color_prompt=yes;;
esac
# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned
# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window
# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt
#force_color_prompt=yes
if [ -n “$force_color_prompt” ]; then
if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
# We have color support; assume it’s compliant with Ecma-48
# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such
# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)
color_prompt=yes
else
color_prompt=
fi
fi
if [ “$color_prompt” = yes ]; then
PS1=’${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ ‘
else
PS1=’${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ ‘
fi
unset color_prompt force_color_prompt
# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir
case “$TERM” in
xterm*|rxvt*)
PS1=”\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1″
;;
*)
;;
esac
# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
test -r ~/.dircolors && eval “$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)” || eval “$(dircolors -b)”
alias ls=’ls –color=auto’
#alias dir=’dir –color=auto’
#alias vdir=’vdir –color=auto’
alias grep=’grep –color=auto’
alias fgrep=’fgrep –color=auto’
alias egrep=’egrep –color=auto’
fi
# some more ls aliases
alias ll=’ls -alF’
alias la=’ls -A’
alias l=’ls -CF’
# Alias definitions.
# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like
# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.
# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.
if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
. ~/.bash_aliases
fi
# enable programmable completion features (you don’t need to enable
# this, if it’s already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile
# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).
if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then
. /etc/bash_completion
fi
linuxlogo -L 26 -a
echo; /usr/games/fortune -a; echo